双语｜退休后回首人生，你可能会后悔的九大财务决策（上）

双语｜退休后回首人生，你可能会后悔的九大财务决策

摘要

很多人梦想着工作到50岁就能退休，然后过上衣食无忧、自由自在的退休生活；但很多人却因年轻时没有很好地进行规划而错失了积累财富的机会。如何避免那些可能会严重损害财务状......很多人梦想着工作到50岁就能退休，然后过上衣食无忧、自由自在的退休生活；但很多人却因年轻时没有很好地进行规划而错失了积累财富的机会。如何避免那些可能会严重损害财务状况的常见财务陷阱呢？

9Financial Decisions You Will Regret in Retirement

As more and more baby boomers start eyeing the coastline of retirement, thoughts turn from the daily worry over the Monday-through-Friday commute to concerns about how to fund the golden years.

随着“人口红利”时期出生的人们开始直面退休问题，社会的关注点就从如何改善每日的通勤时间，转向了如何为他们退休后的黄金岁月筹集资金。

How prepared are you? Do you know the ins and outs of your pension (if you’re lucky enough to have one)? How about your 401(k), IRA and other retirement accounts that make up your nest egg? Do you have a good handle on when to claim Social Security benefits? These are some of the questions you will have to contemplate as the work days wind down. But long before you punch out, make sure you are making the right choices.

你是如何准备的？你知道你的社保养老金有多少吗？你知道养老金账户里的钱是怎么计算的吗？你知道什么时候领取养老金最为划算吗？这些问题是你在准备退休时必须考虑的，但在你做出决定之前，首先要保证你做出了正确的选择。

To help you out, we’ve compiled a list of retirement decisions some of you may regret forever. Take a look to see if any sound familiar.

为了帮助你制定退休计划，这里整理了一份清单，包括一些你可能会后悔一辈子的投资决定。来看看是否有你熟悉的身影。

1.Relocating on a Whim

心血来潮地移居

The lure of warmer climates has long been the siren call of many who are approaching retirement. So you’re cooking up a plan to one of the many other great places to retire if you hate the cold. Our best advice: Test the waters before you make a permanent move.

长期以来，一个气候适宜的养老城市是对许多即将退休的人的极致诱惑。比如你厌恶寒冷，那你肯定想过搬去一座温暖的城市。关于更换城市我们的建议是：在你做出最终决定前，先试试水。

Too many folks have trudged off willy-nilly to what they thought was a dream destination only to find that it’s more akin to a nightmare. The pace of life is too slow, everyone is a stranger, and endless rounds of golf and walks on the beach grow tiresome. Well before your retirement date, spend extended vacation time in your anointed destination to get a feel for the people and lifestyle. This is especially true if you’re thinking about retiring overseas, where new languages, laws and customs can overwhelm even the hardiest retirees.

太多的人在到达他们的养老黄金地后，才发现这里不是梦想，更像是噩梦：生活节奏太慢、到处都是陌生人、没完没了的沙滩散步和高尔夫球都令人厌烦。所以在你真的退休之前，花几个假期去你的梦想之地度过，感受一下那里的人们和生活方式。尤其对于选择退休后移居海外的人，这个问题需要尤其重视，新的语言、法律和文化习俗或许会压垮最坚强的人。

2.Falling for Too-Good-To-Be-True Offers

陷入“天上掉馅饼”的骗局

Hard work, careful planning and decades’worth of wealth-building are the foundations for achieving financial security in retirement. There are no short cuts. Yet, in 2016Americans lost $765 million to get-rich-quick and other scams, according to the FTC. Of the more than 3 million complaints received last year, 37% were filed by victims ages 60 and over.

努力工作、合理的理财规划和数十年的财富累积是实现退休后财务目标的基础。没有捷径。然而，仅2016年，美国人在“快速致富”类型骗局中就损失了7.65亿美元；在收到的三百多万份投诉中，有37%的案件是由60岁以上的受害者举报的。

The South Carolina Attorney General’s office and the FTC offer tips for spotting too-good-to-be-true offers. Tell-tale signs include guarantees of spectacular profits in a short time frame without risk; requests to wire money or pay a fee before you can receive a prize; or unnecessary demands to provide bank account and credit card numbers, Social Security numbers or other sensitive financial information. Also be wary of –in fact, run away from –anyone pressuring you to make an immediate decision or discouraging you from getting advice from an impartial third party.

根据现有的案件，这些“天上掉馅饼”的骗局也是有迹可循的。比如短期内可获得可观的利润，并且保证没有风险；告知你获奖但在领取奖金之前，要求提前支付费用；或是在不必要的场合要求当事人提供银行账户、信用卡号码或其他敏感的金融信息。同时也要提防在你做决定时向你施加压力的那类人，要求你立即作出决定，或劝阻你从一个公正的第三方处获得建议。

What do you do if you suspect a scam? The FTC advises running the company or product name, along with “review,”“complaint”or “scam,”through Google or another search engine. You can also check with your local consumer protection office or your state attorney general to see if they’ve fielded any complaints. If they have, add yours to the list. Be sure to file a complaint with the FTC, too.

当你怀疑自己遇到一个骗局时，应该怎么做呢？专业人士建议你可以先通过百度或者其他搜索引擎来检索公司和产品名称，可以加上“审查”、“投诉”、“骗局”等关键词缩小搜索范围。你也可以咨询当地消费者保护协会是否收到了相关投诉。一旦确认是骗局，请记得向有关部门举报。

3.Planning to Work Indefinitely

以为能一辈子靠着工作挣钱

Many baby boomers like me have every intention of staying on the job until 70, either because we want to, we have to, or we desire to maximize our Social Security checks. But that plan could backfire. You could be forced to retire early for any number of reasons.

目前看来，在“人口红利”时期出生的人们很有可能需要一直工作到70岁或者是因为他们想工作，或者是他们必须工作，或者是为了积累最多的养老保险金额。但这一计划很可能事与愿违，由于种种原因，你可能被迫提前退休。

Consider this: One in four U.S. workers expects to work beyond age 70 to make ends meet, according to a recent Willis Towers Watson survey. Yet, you can't count on being able to bring in a paycheck if you need it. While 51% of workers expect to continue working some in retirement, found a separate 2015 survey from the Transamerica Center for Retirement Studies, only 6% of actual retirees report working in retirement as a source of income.

根据最近一项调查，四分之一的美国职员希望一直工作到70岁以后，以达到晚年收支平衡。虽然有超过51%的职员希望在退休后还能继续工作，但根据美国退休研究中心的一份调查显示，实际上只有6%的人可以在退休后依然依靠工作为收入来源。

Whether you work is not always up to you. Three out of five retirees left the workforce earlier than planned, according to Transamerica. Of those, 66% did so because of employment-related issues, including organizational changes at their companies, losing their jobs and taking buyouts. Health-related issues—either their own ill health or that of a loved one—was cited by 37%.

你是否能继续工作并不取决于你自己。据调查，五分之三的退休人员比计划提早离开了工作岗位；这其中66%是因为就业相关问题，比如公司组织架构的变化、被解雇或公司被收购；其他37%是因为健康问题，包括他们自己和家人的健康状况出现了问题。

The actionable advice: Assume the worst, and save early and often.

这些信息都告诉我们：做最坏的打算，尽早地开始存钱。

4.Putting Off Saving for Retirement

为退休的储蓄计划一拖再拖

The single biggest financial regret of Americans surveyed by Bankrate was waiting too long to start saving for retirement. Not surprisingly, respondents 50 and older expressed this regret at a much higher rate than younger respondents.

调查显示，美国人在金融决策上最后悔的事情就是太晚才开始为退休存钱。当然，越接近退休年龄这种感觉更强烈，50岁以上的受访者表现后悔的比例比轻受访者高得多。

“Many people do not start to aggressively save for retirement until they reach their 40s or 50s,’’says Ajay Kaisth, a certified financial planner with KAI Advisors in Princeton Junction, N.J. “The good news for these investors is that they may still have enough time to change their savings behavior and achieve their goals, but they will need to take action quickly and be extremely disciplined about their savings.”

“很多人不了解存款的重要性，直到40甚至50岁以后才开始积极储蓄”一位理财师说，“不过当他们意识到这个问题的时候，也许还有足够的时间来改变他们的储蓄行为并实现财务目标，但他们需要迅速采取行动，并执行更为严格的储蓄计划。”

5.Claiming Social Security Early

过早断交社保养老金

You’re entitled to start taking retirement benefits at 62, but you probably shouldn’t. Most financial planners recommend waiting at least until your full retirement age –currently 66 and gradually rising to 67 for those born after 1959 –before tapping Social Security. Waiting until 70 can be even better.

你当然有权在62岁是就开始享受退休福利，但你也许不应该这么做。大多数理财师都建议，至少要等到法定退休年龄，等到70岁之后就再好不过了。

“If you can live off your portfolio for a few years to delay claiming, do so,”says Natalie Colley, a financial analyst at Francis Financial in New York City. “Where else will you get guaranteed returns of 8% from the market?”Alternatively, stay on the job longer, if feasible, or start a side gig to help bridge the financial gap. There are plenty of interesting ways to earn extra cash these days.

纽约以为金融分析师说道：“你还能从其他市场上获得8%的收益回报吗？”如果不能的话，就继续工作，或者开始一项兼职工作，以帮助弥补财务上的缺口。现在有很多有趣的方法来赚取额外的现金，而不是断交社保养老金。

未完待续......

光学测量

精密光学影像测量仪

影像测量测试仪

上海医疗光学测量